Water and Hydration

Quick answer

Water supports temperature control, circulation, digestion, waste removal and chemical reactions. Hydration needs vary with environment, activity, health, pregnancy, age and food intake.

Water comes from more than glasses

Drinks contribute most, but fruit, vegetables, soups and other foods also contain water.

Needs change

Heat, exercise, fever, vomiting, diarrhea and some health conditions can change fluid needs.

Water is a useful default

Choosing water regularly supports hydration without adding sugar or calories, although other beverages and foods can contribute fluid.

Everyday example

A person eating soup, yogurt, fruit and vegetables may obtain more water from food than someone eating mostly dry foods. Counting glasses alone misses that difference.

Key terms

HydrationHaving sufficient body water for normal function.
DehydrationA state in which water loss exceeds replacement.
ElectrolyteA charged mineral such as sodium or potassium.
Total waterWater from beverages plus food.

Common mistakes

Practical takeaway

Drink regularly, respond to thirst and increase fluids when heat, exercise or illness raises losses. People with medical fluid restrictions need individualized advice.

Sources and further reading

  1. MedlinePlus — Water in diet
  2. Health Canada — Healthy eating recommendations
  3. World Health Organization — Healthy diet